Avraham Dar, aka John Darling (b. September 28, 1925) - Major IDF officer in the Palmach, the agent units 131 and Israeli military intelligence (عمان Aman); creator intelligence network in Egypt, whose business failed.

He was born in the British عدن Aden in اليمن Yemen (other sources say as the birthplace of فلسطين Palestine). His father during World War I was recruited by British intelligence. Avraham Dar immediately after World War II has been involved in the campaign of illegal emigration of European Jews to Palestine.

Egypt In May of that year 1954 as a subordinate of the British John Darling was transferred to Egypt, where he founded the secretive organization of local Jews. The issue of Israel's Secret War (1991) Ian Black and Benny Morris admitted: From the beginning nor the same gift, nor his people they had no explicit concept, which has created specifically to serve their net - Jewish self-defense organization, aiding of illegal emigration to Israel, espionage or sabotage antyegipskiemu. Dar soon left Egypt, and the members of his network underwent a brief training in Israel in the field of radio communications technology, sabotage and espionage, where illegally got through France. Dar was organized, however, in spite of the elementary rules of conspiracy - for instance, it was not divided into cells and all its members knew each other. After the training at the end of 1953 agents Dar provided with explosives and smuggled back to Egypt.

In 1954, to head the group, Dar sent to Egypt Avri El-Ad. In June this year, after the military coup in Egypt, Tel Aviv gave the radio password start of "Operation Susannah". It was assumed that conducted the July 1954 terrorist bombings that aim were to be civilian objects (cinemas, post office, etc.), will lead to the destabilization of internal and disparages the new government of Egypt. Knocked one of agents led and the arrest of other members of the group. One of them was tortured to death in the investigation, another committed suicide during the trial, which began on 11 December 1954. Two agents sentenced to death, four received sentences ranging from seven years to life in prison, two were acquitted.

During the Suez War in October 1956 assigned to the Mossad (already in the rank of major) Dar served as a liaison officer with a history of the French in Port Said. He also participated in a number of special activities, including operation "tushie" - illegal to flip a large part of Israel's Jewish population (17-18 November 1956).

Resignation In 1957 Dar resigned in protest against the omission of the members of his network at the Cairo exchange of prisoners of war between Egypt and Israel. They were released only in 1967, after the personal intervention of then-Mossad chief Major General Meir Amit of President Gamal Abdel Nasser.

Due to strict censorship in Israel in the early 1950's, few knew that in the year 1954 Israeli underground cells that had been operating in Egypt were uncovered by the Egyptian police. A number of young Jews were arrested and forced to undergo a show trial. Two of them - Yosef Carmon and Max Binnet - committed suicide in prison due to the brutal interrogation methods of the Egyptian police. Two more - Dr. Moshe Marzouk of Cairo and Shmuel Azar of Alexandria - were sentenced to death and hanged in a Cairo prison. Israel glorified them as martyrs. Their memory was sanctified. Neighborhoods and gardens were named after them in Israel, as were dozens of children born in the year 1955. At the same time it was not publicly conceded that they died in the service of Israel. The other six heroes of the "Esek HaBish" were far less prominently known. They were sentenced to long jail terms, where they languished for years. Two of them, Meir Meyuhas and Meir Za'afran, were released in 1962, after having served seven year jail sentences. Shrouded in secrecy, they reached Israel where their arrival was not made public, and journalists were not allowed to interview them. Sworn to silence, they reconstructed their lives to the best of their ability, far from the spotlight.That left four more "Zionist spies," as they came to be called in Egypt. Marcelle Ninio, a woman, and Robert Dassa, both sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment, and Victor Levy and Philip Nathanson, who were sentenced for life. Marcelle Ninio was kept on her own in the women's prison in Kanather. The men were jailed together for fourteen years, mainly in the Tura prison.